Yintoni i-DIN 24960 Mechanical Seal Standard?

Intshayelelo

I-DIN 24960 ngumgangatho oqhelekileyo weempawu zoomatshini ezisetyenziswa kwiimpompo ze-centrifugal, ezenzelwe ukwenza ukuba i-seal kunye ne-pump interfaces ziqikeleleke kubo bonke abavelisi. Ukuyiqonda kunceda ukuchaza isizathu sokuba ezinye iimpawu zitshintshiselane, ukuba zibaluleke kangakanani imilinganiselo yokufakela, kunye nendlela i-geometry yebhokisi yokuzalisa i-pump ehambelana ngayo ngokusebenzayo. Eli nqaku lichaza oko i-DIN 24960 ikugubungelayo, kubandakanya i-dependence envelope yayo, uqwalaselo oluqhelekileyo lwe-seal, kunye nomxholo wokusebenza, emva koko icacisa indlela ehambelana ngayo nemigangatho yanamhlanje yaseYurophu kunye nesizathu sokuba uphawu lusabonakala rhoqo kwiinkcukacha zobunjineli, kwiikhathalogu, nakwizigqibo zokutshintsha.

Yintoni i-DIN 24960 kwaye igubungela ntoni

Umgangatho we-DIN 24960 umele isakhelo sobunjineli esisisiseko ekuphatheni ulwelo. Ngokwembali wawusebenza njengenkcazelo ephambili yaseJamani yobukhulu bokufakelwa kunye neemvulophu zokusebenza zeizitywino zoomatshinikwiimpompo ze-centrifugal. Yaphuhliswa yiDeutsches Institut für Normung (DIN), lo mgangatho wenzelwe ukulungelelanisa ijometri zeebhokisi zokuzalisa iimpompo kunye nezitywino zoomatshini ezifanelana nazo, okwenza kube lula ukuhlanganiswa okuqikelelweyo phakathi kwezixhobo ezijikelezayo kunye nezixhobo zokutywina.

Nangona ngokusesikweni ithathelwe indawo yimigangatho ebanzi yaseYurophu, i-DIN 24960 isagxile kakhulu kumagama obunjineli bemizi-mveliso. Iyalela imida yendawo ekufuneka itywinwe, iqinisekisa ukuba izitywino zoomatshini ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo zinokutshintshiswana ngaphandle kokufuna umatshini okanye utshintsho kwindlu yepompo.

Ububanzi, iintlobo zesitywino, kunye neemvulophu ezinobukhulu

Ububanzi obuphambili be-DIN 24960 kukuchonga ii-envelopes ezinobukhulu bee-seals zoomatshini ezisebenza ngomntu omnye, ezingalinganiyo, nezilinganiselayo. Iseka ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo be-cavity kwigumbi lokutywina lepompo, ichaza ngokuthe ngqo ububanzi obuphezulu bangaphandle be-seal, i-bore efunekayo yebhokisi yokuzalisa, kunye nendawo ye-axial efunekayo ukuze kucinezelwe intwasahlobo ngokufanelekileyo. Umgangatho uhlela ubude be-seal ngokweempawu ezithile, ngakumbi i-L1K (ubude obufutshane bokusebenza) kunye ne-L1N (ubude obuqhelekileyo bokusebenza). Ngokunamathela kule mida ingqongqo ye-volumetric, abavelisi bezixhobo baqinisekisa ukuba ii-seals ze-component ezisemgangathweni zihambelana ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi kwendlu ekhethiweyo.

Ubungakanani be-shaft kunye nobukhulu bofakelo

Uphawu olubalulekileyo lwe-DIN 24960 kukuqhubela phambili kwayo okucwangcisiweyo kobukhulu be-shaft, obuhlala buqala kwi-10 mm ukuya kwi-100 mm ngokwenyuka okumiselweyo. Kwi-shaft diameter nganye (d1), umgangatho uchaza i-stuffing box bore ehambelanayo (d3), i-seat outer diameter (d7), kunye nobude obuchanekileyo be-axial (L1K kunye ne-L1N) obufunekayo ekufakweni. Oku kudala i-matrix eqikelelweyo kwiinjineli xa beyila i-pump shafts kunye namagumbi okutywina.

Ezi mingcele ziqinisekisa ukuba intloko yesitywina esijikelezayo kunye nesihlalo esingashukumiyo zigcina umlinganiselo ochanekileyo wokucinezelwa xa ipompo idityaniswe ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthintela ukuguguleka kobuso okugqithisileyo ngenxa yokucinezelwa kakhulu kunye nokuvuza ngenxa yamandla anganeleyo entwasahlobo.

Oko i-DIN 24960 ingakuchaziyo

Nangona i-DIN 24960 icacile kakhulu malunga nobukhulu bendawo, kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ukuqonda ukuba yintoni engaphandle kobubanzi bayo. Umgangatho awuchazi izinto zokwakha ubuso besitywino, ii-elastomers, okanye i-metallurgy. Ikwashiya imida ethile yokusebenza, efana noxinzelelo oluphezulu, imida yobushushu, okanye imida yesantya seshaft, nangona ngokwembali ihambelana noyilo lwepompo ye-PN16 (16 bar). Ngaphezu koko, i-DIN 24960 ayichazi iijometri zesitywino sangaphakathi. Abavelisi bakhululekile ukusebenzisa izipringi ezingatshatanga, izipringi ezininzi, okanye izipringi zamaza, ukuba nje indibano epheleleyo ihambelana nemvulophu eqhelekileyo ye-L1K okanye ye-L1N.

Kutheni i-DIN 24960 isabalulekile?

Nangona ithathelwe indawo ngokusesikweni yimigaqo yaseYurophu, igama le-DIN 24960 lisasetyenziswa kakhulu ekuthengeni, ekulungiseni, nasebunjineli bezakhiwo. Ukubaluleka kwalo okuhlala kuxhomekeke kwisiseko esikhulu sezixhobo ezindala kunye nokuxhomekeka kwe-supply chain yehlabathi kwi-shorthand esekiweyo neqondakalayo jikelele.

Indlela ephucula ngayo ukutshintshwa kwezinto

Ixabiso eliphambili le-DIN 24960 lixhomekeke kubuchule bayo bokwenza kube lula ukutshintshana kwezinto ngaphandle komthungo. Kwimizi-mveliso esebenzisa amakhulu eepompo ze-centrifugal, ukumisela imigangatho kwiitywina ezihambelana ne-DIN 24960 kuvumelaamasebe olondolozoukufumana izinto ezitshintshiweyo kubathengisi abaninzi ngaphandle kokoyika ukungalingani kobukhulu. Oku kutshintshana kuphucula ngokufanelekileyo izitywino zezixhobo ezisemgangathweni, kukhuthaza amaxabiso akhuphisanayo kunye nokunciphisa imiqobo yekhonkco lokubonelela. Izibonelelo ezitshintshela kubukhulu be-DIN obuqhelekileyo zihlala zibika ukwehla kwi-SKUs yezixhobo zoomatshini ngama-30% ukuya kuma-40%, njengoko uyilo lwesitywino esinye lunokubonelela ngeemodeli ezininzi zepompo kulo lonke isityalo.

Apho umgangatho usakhankanywa khona

I-DIN 24960 isasetyenziswa kakhulu xa idibene neiimpompo zeekhemikhali eziqhelekileyo, ingakumbi ezo zakhiwe ngokweenkcazo ze-ISO 2858 kunye ne-DIN 24256. Ezi pump, ezenzelwe uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwe-16 bar, zineendawo zokutywina ezenzelwe ngokukodwa ukwamkela izitywina ze-DIN 24960. Ngaphaya kweYurophu, abavelisi e-Asia naseMelika bahlala besebenzisa "umgangatho we-DIN" njengenkcazo yokuthengisa kunye nobunjineli ukuqinisekisa abathengi ukuba bayahambelana nezixhobo ezijikelezayo ezenzelwe i-metric. Ngenxa yoko, imizobo yobunjineli, amaphepha edatha epompo, kunye neencwadana ze-OEM kwihlabathi liphela ziyaqhubeka nokuchaza i-DIN 24960 ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwesakhiwo.

Indlela i-DIN 24960 ethelekiswa ngayo ne-EN 12756

Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1990, iKomiti yaseYurophu yoKumisa umgangatho (i-CEN) yazisa i-EN 12756 ukuhlanganisa imigangatho yesitywina soomatshini kuwo onke amazwe angamalungu aseYurophu. Lo mgangatho wamkela ngempumelelo i-DIN 24960, oko kuthetha ukuba ezi zimbini zidibene ngokusisiseko, nangona kukho umahluko ocacileyo kwisicelo sazo kunye nokwahlulwa kwamagama.

Umahluko ophambili kunye nokufana

I-EN 12756 ngokusisiseko yindlela yanamhlanje, yokuphindaphinda i-DIN 24960 kwiYurophu yonke. Ubukhulu bomzimba—kuquka ubude bokusebenza obubalulekileyo be-L1K kunye ne-L1N, ukunyuka kwe-shaft ye-d1, kunye nobubanzi besihlalo se-d7—buhlala bufana phakathi kwemigangatho emibini. Itywina elenzelwe i-DIN 24960 liya kungena ngokwasemzimbeni kwindawo eyenzelwe i-EN 12756, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo.

Kutheni ukuthobela imilinganiselo kungahambelani ngokupheleleyo

Ngelixa i-DIN 24960 kunye ne-EN 12756 ziqinisekisa ukuba isitywina siya kungena ngokwasemzimbeni kwindawo emiselweyo, ukuthobela ubungakanani akulingani nokuhambelana kokusebenza. Izitywina ezimbini ezihambelana nomgangatho ezivela kubavelisi abahlukeneyo zinokuba namazinga entwasahlobo ahlukeneyo, iiseti zoxinzelelo lwe-elastomer, okanye imida ye-Pressure-Velocity (PV). Umzekelo, isitywina esinye esihambelana ne-DIN singasebenzisa indibaniselwano yezinto ezinomda we-PV we-20 MPa·m/s, ngelixa esinye sifikelela kwi-50 MPa·m/s. Ukuba iqela lokuthenga litshintshana nezi zitywina ngokusekelwe kuphela kwimilinganiselo efanelekileyo, isitywina esiphantsi sinokuwohloka ngokukhawuleza kobushushu kunye nokusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha xa siphantsi kolwelo olunamandla aphezulu okanye isantya esiphezulu seshaft.

Ukukhetha nini izitywino ezisemgangathweni

Izitywino ezisemgangathweni ezihambelana ne-DIN 24960 okanye i-EN 12756 zezona zikhetho zilungileyo malunga ne-80% yezicelo zenkonzo ngokubanzi, kubandakanyaunyango lwamanzi, ukudluliselwa kweekhemikhali okuncinci, kunye nokucutshungulwa kwehydrocarbon enoxinzelelo oluphantsi. Iinjineli kufuneka zichaze ezi zinto zimiselweyo xa iimeko zokusebenza ziwela ngaphakathi kweeparameter eziphakathi (ngesiqhelo phantsi kwe-16 bar nangaphantsi kwe-150°C) kwaye apho ukunciphisa iindleko zizonke zobunini ngokudityaniswa kwempahla yeyona njongo iphambili. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, kwiincindi ezinobungozi kakhulu, ezirhabaxa, okanye ezishushu kakhulu, zenziwe ngokwezifiso.izitywino zekhatrijizihlala zithatha indawo yezivalo zecandelo eliqhelekileyo.

Indlela yokufaka isicelo se-DIN 24960 ekuThengeni nasekuLungiseni

Ukuthenga nokugcina izitywino zoomatshini phantsi komgangatho we-DIN 24960 kufuna ulawulo oluqinileyo lomgangatho kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa ezichanekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho ulawula kuphela ubungakanani, umthwalo uwela kubunjineli bokuthenga nokulungisa ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wezinto kunye nokunyamezela okuchanekileyo kokwenziwa.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwe-DIN 24960 kubandakanya ukuhlolwa okungqongqo kobukhulu emva kokufumana izinto. Iingcali zokulungisa kufuneka zisebenzise ii-micrometers kunye nee-calipers ezilinganisiweyo ukulinganisa ubukhulu obubalulekileyo: ububanzi bangaphakathi bendibano ejikelezayo, ububanzi bangaphandle besihlalo esimiyo (d7), kunye nobude be-axial obungacinezelwanga. Ezi zilinganiso kufuneka zibhekiswe ngokuchasene nokunyamezela okuvumelekileyo komgangatho. Ukongeza, ukuqinisekisa ubude obuchanekileyo bokufakelwa (L1K okanye L1N) ngexesha lokuhlanganiswa kubalulekile. Iingcali zihlala zibhala ishaft ukuqinisekisa ukuba isitywino sicinezelwe kwi-millimeter echanekileyo echazwe ngumgangatho, ukuthintela iimpazamo ezinkulu zokulayisha ubuso.

Iingozi eziqhelekileyo zokufumana ulwazi kunye nomgangatho

Eyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo yokufumana izinto ezidityaniswe nezitywiniweyo ze-DIN 24960 kukungena kwee-clones ezingabizi kakhulu nezingathobeliyo imimiselo. Nangona ezi tywini zinokulingana nobukhulu be-macro-dimensions zomgangatho, zihlala zinengxaki yokunganyamezelani kakuhle. Ukuthamba kobuso obungaphantsi komgangatho yimbangela ephambili yokuvuza; ubuso betywini obusemgangathweni ophezulu kufuneka bufakwe kwi-flatness ye-2 ukuya kwi-3 helium light bands (malunga ne-0.6 ukuya kwi-0.9 µm). Ngaphezu koko, ii-elastomers zobuxoki okanye ezikumgangatho ophantsi zinokubonisa ubunzima be-Shore obungalunganga, nto leyo ekhokelela ekukhutshweni phantsi koxinzelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli ukubonelela ngokutywinwa okwaneleyo kwesibini. Ukuthengwa kufuneka kuhlolwe ababoneleli ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-metallurgy kunye ne-elastomers zihambelana neemfuno zokuhambelana kweekhemikhali zolwelo oluthile olupompelweyo.

Amaxwebhu afunekayo kunye nokunyamezelana

Ukunciphisa iingozi zokusebenza, ii-odolo zokuthenga ze-DIN 24960 seals kufuneka zigunyazise amaxwebhu athile, kuquka izatifikethi zovavanyo lwezinto ze-EN 10204 3.1 zezinto zesinyithi kunye nokulandeleka kwebhetshi yee-elastomers. Umgangatho uxhomekeke ekunyamezeleni okungqongqo koomatshini ngaphakathi kwendlu yepompo ngokwayo. Imbobo yebhokisi yokuzalisa idla ngokufuna ukunyamezelana kwe-H8, ngelixa i-shaft yepompo kufuneka ilungiswe ukuya kumlinganiselo we-h6 okanye we-h8. Ngaphezu koko, ukugqitywa komphezulu we-shaft apho i-O-ring eguquguqukayo iphumle khona kufuneka igcinwe kubukhulu obuphezulu be-Ra 1.6 µm ukuthintela ukuguguleka kwe-elastomer ngexesha leentshukumo ze-microscopic axial.

Indlela Yokuthatha Isigqibo Sokusebenzisa I-DIN 24960 Nini

Ukugqiba ukuba kufuneka kuchazwe na isitywina se-DIN 24960 okanye kukhethwe isitywina sekhatriji esenziwe ngobunjineli sisigqibo esibalulekileyo esichaphazela imilinganiselo yokuthembeka kwesakhiwo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokugcinwa kwaso. Esi sigqibo kufuneka silinganise iindleko zangaphambili, ubunzima bokufakelwa, kunye nokuzinza kokusebenza kwexesha elide.

Iikhrayitheriya zesigqibo sobunjineli kunye nokuthengwa

Amaqela obunjineli kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla kufuneka ahlole iimeko ezithile ze-hydraulic kunye nemeko-bume yepompo. Iiseal ezingalinganiyo ze-DIN 24960 zihlala zilinganiselwe kuxinzelelo olungaphantsi kwe-16 bar, ngelixa iinguqulelo ezilinganayo ezihambelana nee-envelopes ezifanayo zinokusebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-25 bar. Imida yobushushu ilawulwa kakhulu yi-elastomers ekhethiweyo, edla ngokuqala kwi--20°C ukuya kwi-200°C kwiikhompawundi ze-FKM okanye ze-EPDM eziqhelekileyo. Ukuba isicelo sidlula le mingcele, okanye ukuba ulwelo luyi-hazardous volatile organic compound (VOC) efuna ukuthotyelwa kwe-API 682 kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwe-dual-seal, iiseal ze-DIN 24960 component standard azanelanga, kwaye kufuneka kusetyenziswe iinkqubo zokuvala eziqinileyo, ezikhethekileyo.

Indlela yokulinganisela umgangatho, isitokhwe, kunye nokusebenza

Ukulinganisa umgangatho ngokumalunga nokusebenza kufuna uhlalutyo lweTotal Cost of Ownership (TCO). Izitywino zecandelo ezisemgangathweni ze-DIN 24960 zihlala zibiza ngaphantsi ngama-40% ukuya kuma-60% ngaphambili kunezitywino zekhatriji ezihlanganisiweyo. Nangona kunjalo, izitywino zecandelo zifuna ukuphathwa ngononophelo kunye nabasebenzi abanobuchule obuphezulu ukuze zifakwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ukufakelwa okuqhelekileyo kuthatha iiyure ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 ukuqinisekisa ukubekwa ngokufanelekileyo kobude bokusebenza kunye nokuthintela ungcoliseko lobuso. Izibonelelo eziqeqeshwe kakhuluamaqela olondolozokwaye umyalelo wokugcina iindleko zempahla ziphantsi uya kuzuza kakhulu ngokulungiswa kwe-DIN 24960. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, izityalo ezinengxaki yokutshintsha okuphezulu okanye ezo zibeka phambili ukulungiswa kwe-mean-time-to-repair (MTTR) zinokufumanisa ukuba ixabiso eliphezulu lokuqala le-cartridge seals lincitshiswa kukufakelwa kwazo nge-plug-and-play, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-DIN 24960 ibe nomlinganiselo ongaphantsi kwimodeli yazo yokusebenza ethile.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kunye nesizathu seDIN 24960 Mechanical Seal Standard
• Iinkcukacha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko okufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele
• Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso abafundi abanokuzisebenzisa ngoko nangoko

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Yintoni iDIN 24960 eyimisela ngokwemigangatho kwiitywina zoomatshini?

Imisela ubungakanani bofakelo kunye nobude bokusebenza kwamagumbi okutywina iipompo, ukuze izitywino zikwazi ukulingana ngaphandle kokutshintsha indawo yokutywina iipompo.

Ngaba i-DIN 24960 ichaza izinto zokutywina okanye imida yoxinzelelo?

Hayi. Igubungela ubukhulu becala imilinganiselo, kungekhona izinto zobuso, ii-elastomers, isinyithi, okanye uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo, ubushushu, kunye novavanyo lwesantya.

Zithini i-L1K kunye ne-L1N kwi-DIN 24960?

Ziindlela eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza ubude bazo: I-L1K yinguqulelo emfutshane, kwaye i-L1N yinguqulelo eqhelekileyo. Ukulinganisa ubude obuchanekileyo kubalulekile ukuze ulingane kakuhle kwaye ucinezeleke.

Kutheni i-DIN 24960 isabalulekile ekugcinweni kwepompo?

Iimpompo ezininzi ezindala zisayisebenzisa. Ukulandela i-DIN 24960 kunceda amaqela olondolozo ukuba atshintshe izitywini ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuncitshiswe imiba yokuhambelana kwiimpompo ezixutyiweyo.

Ngaba iVictor Seals ingabonelela ngezitywina ezitshintshayo ezihambelana neDIN 24960?

Ewe. I-Victor Seals ibonelela ngezitywino zoomatshini ezisemgangathweni nezihambelana ne-OEM zokugcinwa kwepompo yemizi-mveliso, inceda abathengi ukuba bathelekise izitywino ezinobukhulu be-DIN kwiintlobo ezininzi zepompo.