Iintsimbi zeMetal Bellows zinganceda njani ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa komoya kwimizi-mveliso?

Intshayelelo

Ukulawula ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo kube yingxaki ebalulekileyo yoyilo lwezityalo eziphatha ii-VOC kunye nolwelo oluyingozi lwenkqubo, ngakumbi malunga neempompo kunye neecompressor apho ukuvuza kuxhaphake kakhulu khona. Ii-metal bellows seals zijongana nale ngxaki ngokutshintsha izinto eziguquguqukayo ezinokuthi zingasebenzi kakuhle nge-welded, flexible seal element esebenza ngokuthembekileyo phantsi kobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye nenkonzo enamandla ngamakhemikhali. Eli nqaku lichaza indlela olo yilo olunceda ngayo ukunciphisa amazinga okuvuza, ukuxhasa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho yokukhutshwa komoya oqinileyo, kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwezixhobo ngaxeshanye. Likwachaza apho ii-metal bellows seals zifanelekela khona, kutheni zihlala ziphumelela kakhulu kwii-mechanical seals eziqhelekileyo, kunye nokuba zeziphi iinjineli ekufuneka ziqwalasele xa zivandlakanya amaqhinga okunciphisa ukukhutshwa komoya.

Indlela iiMetal Bellows Seals ezinciphisa ngayo ukukhutshwa komoya kwimizi-mveliso

Izakhiwo zeenkqubo zoshishino zijongene nokuhlolwa okunzulu malunga nomphumo wazo kwindalo esingqongileyo, kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo elawulayo eyalela ulawulo olungqongqo kwiikhompawundi zendalo eziguquguqukayo (ii-VOC) kunye nongcoliseko lomoya oluyingozi (ii-HAP). Izixhobo ezijikelezayo, ngakumbi iimpompo ze-centrifugal kunye nee-compressors, ngokwembali zibangela ukuya kuthi ga kwi-60% yokukhutshwa komoya ophumayo ngaphakathi.izityalo zeekhemikhali kunye neekhemikhaliUkujongana nezi ndawo zokuvuza ngumyalelo ophambili wobunjineli wokuthobela imithetho kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Iitekhnoloji zokuvala eziphucukileyo zezona ndawo zisebenzayo zokungenelela ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa komoya okusemgangathweni kwezixhobo. Phakathi kwezi tekhnoloji, izitywini zentsimbi zibonelela ngesisombululo esinobungcali esilungiselelwe ukuphelisa ubuthathaka obukhoyo beendlela zokuvala zemveli. Ngokutshintsha ngokusisiseko ujongano lokuvala oluguquguqukayo, le tekhnoloji ibonelela ngomqobo oqinileyo ngokuchasene nokukhutshwa komoya okubalekayo, nokuba kusetyenziswe ulwelo oluguquguqukayo, olushushu kakhulu.

Kutheni kubalulekile ukulawula ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo

Ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo kubonakalisa uxanduva olukhulu kwindalo nakwimali kubasebenzi bemizi-mveliso. Imigangatho yolawulo, efana ne-EPA's Method 21 kunye nomgangatho we-API 682 mechanical seal, iwanciphisile ngokucwangcisiweyo amazinga okuvuza avumelekileyo. Ngelixa imida yembali ivumela ukuvuza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10,000 parts per million by volume (ppmv), imiyalelo yanamhlanje idla ngokuthintela ukukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo ongcolileyo okungena kwi-500 ppmv, kunye nemithetho yendawo etyhalela kwimida engaphantsi kwe-100 ppmv.

Ukungaphumeleli ukugcina le miqathango ingqongqo kukhokelela kwizohlwayo eziqatha zemali, ukunyuka kweenkqubo zokuFumana nokuLungisa ukuVuleka (LDAR) ezinyanzelekileyo nezibizayo, kunye nokulahleka ngokuthe ngqo koqoqosho kolwelo lwenkqubo. Ngaphezu koko, ukukhutshwa komoya okuyingozi okungalawulwayo kubeka umngcipheko omkhulu wokhuseleko emsebenzini kwaye konakalisa iziseko ezingqongileyo ngokugqwala ngokukhawuleza. Ngenxa yoko, ukuphucula ukuya kwitekhnoloji yokutywina umbane ongekho okanye ongaphantsi akuseyonto yokuphucula ukuthembeka, kodwa yimfuneko yokuthobela umthetho osisiseko.

Indlela izitywino ze-bellows ezinciphisa ngayo iindlela zokuvuza

Izitywino zemveli zoomatshinibaxhomekeke kwizinto ezitshintshayo zesibini zokutywina—ngokuqhelekileyo ii-O-rings ze-elastomeric—ezimele zityibilike ecaleni kwe-pump shaft ukuze zibuyisele ukuguguleka kobuso be-seal kunye nokwanda kobushushu. Le ntshukumo etshintshayo idala ubuthathaka obuphambili: njengoko i-elastomer iqina okanye umphezulu we-shaft ubola, iindlela zokuvuza ezincinci ziyavela, zivumela ii-VOC ukuba zibalekele emoyeni.

Iintsimbi ze-metal bellow seals ziyayisusa ngokupheleleyo le ndlela yokuvuza yesibini enamandla. I-bellows core isebenza njengesixhobo sentwasahlobo kunye neseti yesibini, ivala ngokuzinzileyo ngokuchasene ne-shaft okanye i-sleeve ngelixa igoba ukuze ivumelane nentshukumo yobuso. Ngenxa yokuba i-bellows assembly ivalwe ngokungenasiphelo kwaye ayifuni i-elastomer etyibilikayo, umjelo oyintloko wokukhupha ukungcola uyasuswa. Olu jongano lwesibini oluzinzileyo luqinisekisa ukuba indawo yokuvuza enokubakho kuphela ingaphaya kobuso be-primary seal obucociweyo kakhulu, obunokulawulwa nge-topography yobuso obuphambili kunye neenkqubo zolwelo lomqobo.

Ziziphi iiMetal Bellows Seals kunye nokuba zibalasele phi

Izitywino zentsimbi ezithambileyo zimele udidi olukhethekileyo lwezitywino zemechanical ezingashukumiyo ezenzelwe iindawo apho izinto ezisemgangathweni ze-elastomeric zingasebenzi kakuhle. Ziyakwazi ngokukodwa ukugcina ingqibelelo yesitywino kuzo zonke iispectrum zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo, zihlala zisingatha amaqondo obushushu obuvela kwi-cryogenic lows ye--75°C ukuya kwi-thermal extremes edlula i-400°C ngaphandle kokuwohloka okunxulunyaniswa nezitywino zesibini ezisekelwe kwi-polymer.

Ngokudibanisa umsebenzi wesibini wokutywina kunye nendlela yokulayisha ngoomatshini kwinxalenye enye, yesinyithi esipheleleyo, ezi zitywino zibonelela ngendawo yokutywina ezinzileyo neqikelelweyo. Oku kuhlanganiswa kwamacandelo akunciphisi nje kuphela amathuba okuba kubekho iimpazamo zokuhlanganisa kodwa kukwanciphisa nomngcipheko wokungahambelani kweekhemikhali okuhlala kuhlupha izitywino zokutyhala ezineenxalenye ezininzi.

Indlela ezakhiwe ngayo izitywina ze-bellows ezidityanisiweyo nezakhiweyo

Inkqubo yokuvelisaimisela imida yokusebenza kunye neempawu zoomatshini ze-bellows. Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwakha yi-edge-welding kunye ne-hydroforming. I-edge-welded bellows zakhiwa ngokunyathela ii-diaphragms ezichanekileyo ezivela kwiishiti ezincinci ze-alloy—ngokuvamile ukusuka kwi-0.10 mm ukuya kwi-0.25 mm ubukhulu—kunye nokuzidibanisa kwiidayamitha zangaphakathi nezangaphandle ukuze zenze i-convoluted core. Le ndlela ivumela ubude obuphezulu bokubetheka, ukuguquguquka okugqwesileyo, kunye nokusasazwa koxinzelelo olufanelekileyo kuzo zonke ii-weld seams.

Ii-bellows ezenziweyo, ngokuchaseneyo, zenziwa ngokucinezela ityhubhu yesinyithi enodonga oluncinci nge-hydraulic kwiprofayili ebotshelelweyo. Nangona ii-bellows ezenziweyo zihlala zingabizi kakhulu ukuvelisa kwaye azinazo ii-weld seams, zibonisa amazinga aphezulu entwasahlobo kunye nokuhamba okulinganiselweyo kwe-axial xa kuthelekiswa nezinye zazo ezibotshelelweyo. Kwizicelo zoshishino ezisebenza kakuhle apho kufuneka ukulayisha ubuso ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuguquguquka okuphezulu ukuthintela ukukhutshwa komoya, ii-bellows ezibotshelelweyo zihlala zisemgangathweni weshishini.

Indlela ezahluke ngayo kwiitywina zemveli zoomatshini

Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwe-metal bellows kunye ne-pusher mechanical seals eqhelekileyo ulele kwindlela i-seal yesibini ehambelana ngayo ne-shaft dynamics. I-Pusher seals isebenzisa i-O-ring enamandla ene-spring ekufuneka ityhale ngokwasemzimbeni kwi-shaft. Esi senzo sokutyibilika ngokungenakuphepheka sikhokelela kwi-shaft fretting—into yokuguguleka kwendawo edibanisa i-shaft, idala imijelo yokuvuza engapheliyo kwaye ifune ukutshintshwa kwe-shaft ebiza kakhulu.

Izitywini zentsimbi ezingashukumiyo zihlala zingashukumi ngokupheleleyo xa kuthelekiswa nesingxobo se-shaft, zisebenzisa ukuguquguquka kwe-elastic kwe-convolutions yentsimbi ukugcina unxibelelwano lobuso. Oku kususa ngokupheleleyo ukuxinana kwe-shaft kwaye kususa umngcipheko we-seal "hang-up," imeko apho inkunkuma okanye ulwelo olupholisiweyo lubangela ukuba i-O-ring enamandla inamathele, nto leyo enyanzela ubuso be-seal yokuqala ukuba buhlukane kwaye ibangele ukuvuza okukhulu.

Izinto Eziphambili Zoyilo Lokusebenza Kwesitywina

Ukuphucula izitywino zentsimbi kufuna uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lwenkqubo ethile. Ngenxa yokuba i-bellows core isebenza njengesakhi kunye nesakhi esitshintshayo, uyilo lwayo kufuneka lulinganisele ngononophelo ukuguquguquka kokulandelela ubuso ngokuchasene namandla oomatshini afunekayo ukumelana noxinzelelo lwenkqubo. Ii-bellows eziqhelekileyo ezidityaniswe ngomphetho omnye zihlala zisebenza ngokuthembekileyo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 ukuya kwi-25 bar, ngelixa ulungelelwaniso olukhethekileyo lwe-multi-ply lwenzelwe ukumelana noxinzelelo oludlula kwi-60 bar.

Ukudibana phakathi kweempawu ze-metallurgical, i-face material tribology, kunye ne-operational dynamics kulawula ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokukwazi ukugcina ukukhutshwa kwe-seal assembly.

Indlela uxinzelelo, ubushushu, imidiya, kunye nokuhamba kwe-shaft okuchaphazela ngayo ukukhetha

Indlela esebenza ngayo i-bellow core ixhomekeke kakhulu kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo kunye nobushushu. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lunokubangela ukungazinzi kwe-bellows okanye "ukuxinana," nto leyo ebangela ukuba izinto ezijiyileyo okanye uyilo lwe-multi-ply lube lukhulu, nto leyo enyusa isantya sentwasahlobo kwaye inciphise ukuguquguquka kwe-axial. Iinjineli kufuneka zibale iprofayili efanelekileyo yokudibanisa ukuze zigcine amandla okuvala ahambelanayo kwiindawo zokutywina ngaphandle kokudlula imida yokudinwa kwesinyithi.

Iimpawu zemidiya kunye nokuhamba kwe-shaft nako kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ulwelo oluqinileyo okanye olukhazimlayo lunokungena kwi-bellows convolutions, luthintele intshukumo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uyilo lwe-wide-pitch convolution lucacisiwe ukuze kube lula ukuzicoca. Ngaphezu koko, intshukumo ye-axial shaft egqithisileyo okanye i-radial runout inokubangela ukuba i-bellows ibe noxinzelelo lokugoba olujikelezayo, okukhawulezisa ukudinwa kwesinyithi ukuba i-stroke idlula ukunyamezela okwenziweyo koyilo oluthile lwe-bellows.

Zeziphi izinto kunye nokudibanisa ubuso okuphucula ukuthembeka

Ukukhethwa kwesinyithi kulawula imida yokusebenza kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kwesitywini. Iintsimbi ezisemgangathweni zihlala zakhiwe ngentsimbi engagqwali ye-AM350, zibonelela ngokulinganisela okusisiseko kwamandla kunye nokudityaniswa. Kwiimeko ezinoburhalarhume beekhemikhali okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ii-alloys ze-nickel eziphezulu ezifana ne-Alloy C-276 okanye i-Alloy 718 zichaziwe ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kokugqwala koxinzelelo kunye nokugcina amandla okuxinana kwimithwalo ephezulu yobushushu.

Izixhobo zobuso obuphambili bokutywina zibaluleke ngokulinganayo ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa komoya. Iindidi zobuso obuqinileyo, ezifana neSilicon Carbide (SiC) ejikelezayo ngokuchasene neTungsten Carbide (WC), zibonelela ngokumelana nokuguguleka okugqwesileyo kwizicelo ezirhabaxa. Nangona kunjalo, kulwelo olunamafutha aphantsi, ubuso beSilicon Carbide obusebenza ngokuchasene nobuso obungagugiyo beCarbon Graphite obungagugiyo bubonelela ngomlinganiselo ophantsi wokungqubana, kunciphisa ukuveliswa kobushushu kwaye kuthintelwe ukufuma kolwelo olukwindawo ethile olunokuphula umqobo wokukhutshwa komoya.

Indlela ethelekiswa ngayo iindleko zomjikelo wobomi kunye nokusebenza kokuvuza

Nangona iintsimbi zesinyithi ezidityaniswe ngomphetho zibiza imali eninzi yokuqala xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi ze-pusher ze-elastomeric eziqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kwazo kokuvuza komjikelo wobomi kuphezulu kakhulu kwiindlela ezifuna umgudu omkhulu. Iintsimbi ze-pusher kwiinkonzo zobushushu obuphezulu zihlala zinengxaki yokuwohloka kwe-elastomer, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kokukhutshwa komoya okuqhubekekayo kwaye kufuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwiinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezili-18.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, isitywina sentsimbi esichazwe kakuhle esisebenza ngaphakathi kweeparamitha zoyilo lwaso sinokwandisa iMean Time Between Failures (MTBF) ukuya kwiinyanga ezingama-36 ukuya kwezingama-60. Olu mjikelo wobomi olude alupheleli nje ekuhlawuleni iindleko zokuqala eziphezulu kodwa lukwaqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zihlala ngaphakathi kwemida engqongqo yokuthobela indalo, ziphepha izohlwayo ze-LDAR kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nokucima kolondolozo okungacwangciswanga.

Indlela yokuCacisa, yokufaka, kunye nokugcina izitywina zeBellows

Iingenelo zethiyori zezitywini zentsimbi zifumaneka kuphela ngokubambelela ngokungqongqo kwiindlela ezichanekileyo zokuchonga, ukufakela, kunye neenkqubo zokuthenga. Ubunjineli obuchanekileyo buyapheliswa ngokulula ngokuphathwa okungafanelekanga okanye izixhobo ezingalungelelaniswanga kakuhle. Imigangatho yeshishini iyalela ukuba izixhobo ezijikelezayo mazigcine ukunyamezelana okungqongqo koomatshini; umzekelo, iimfuno ze-API 682 Udidi 2 kunye no-3 zichaza ukuba ukuphambuka kweshaft ebusweni besitywini akufuneki kudlule kwi-0.05 mm phantsi komthwalo oguqukayo.

Ukuseka indlela esemgangathweni yokucacisa nokufaka ezi zitywino kuqinisekisa ukuba amandla okulawula ukukhutshwa komoya kwitekhnoloji ye-bellows asebenza ngokupheleleyo kweli candelo.

Indlela yokuchaza izitywino zesicelo

Iiprotokholi zeenkcukacha mazihambelane nemigangatho eyaziwayo yeshishini, ikakhulu i-API 682, apho i-metal bellows zihlala zihlelwa phantsi kohlobo B (i-rotating bellows) okanye udidi C (i-stationary bellows). Iinjineli mazichaze iipropati zolwelo ezichanekileyo, imida yoxinzelelo lomphunga, kunye ne-thermal transients eza kuyifumana i-seal.

Okubaluleke ngokufanayo kukucaciswa kwesicwangciso sokuncedisa ukufunxa. Ukusebenzisa izicwangciso zepayipi ze-API—ezifana neSicwangciso 11 sokufunxa igumbi lokutywina, okanye iSicwangciso 52/53A kwiinkqubo zolwelo oluthintela itywina ezimbini—kubalulekile ekulawuleni imeko-bume yobushushu ejikeleze ubuso betywina. Kwizicelo ze-zero-emissions ezibandakanya ii-HAPs ezinobuthi obukhulu, ukucacisa itywina elixineneyo elixineneyo (iSicwangciso 53A) kuqinisekisa ukuba naluphi na ukuvuza okunokwenzeka kwiindawo eziphambili kubandakanya ulwelo oluthintela ikhonkco endaweni yeenkqubo eziyingozi.

Indlela ukufakwa kunye nokufakwa kwezixhobo ezisebenza ngayo ichaphazela ukusebenza

Uqwalaselo lwesitywino sekhatrijiziye zayilinganisa kakhulu inkqubo yokufakela, zinciphisa iingozi ezinxulumene nokuhlanganiswa kwecandelo. Iiseal ze-Cartridge bellows zihlanganiswa kwangaphambili kwaye zisetwa kwangaphambili kumzi-mveliso, ukuqinisekisa ukuba umongo we-bellows ucinezelwe kubude bawo bokusebenza obuchanekileyo—ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna i-3 ukuya kwi-5 mm yoxinzelelo lokusebenza ukuvelisa amandla afanelekileyo okuvala ubuso.

Ngexesha lokuqalisa, abaqhubi kufuneka baqinisekise ukulungelelaniswa kwezixhobo, baqinisekise ukuba i-engile kunye ne-parallel runout zihambelana nomlinganiselo ongqongqo. Ukususwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kwee-setting clips ngaphambi kokuba i-cartridge iqine ngokupheleleyo kwi-pump casing kunokutshintsha ucinezelo lwentwasahlobo, okukhokelela ekuvuzeni kobuso ngoko nangoko okanye ukungaphumeleli ngokukhawuleza kokudinwa kwe-convolutions yesinyithi xa iqalisa ukusebenza.

Indlela yokuvavanya ababoneleli kunye neendlela zokuthenga

Ukufumana izitywina eziguquguqukayo ezenziwe ngobuchule obuphezulu kufuna iziqinisekiso ezingqongqo zomthengisi. Abavavanyi kufuneka bahlolisise iinkqubo zokulawula umgangatho womenzi, ngakumbi malunga nokuthembeka kwe-weld. Ababoneleli abaphambili basebenzisa iindlela zokwenza i-micro-plasma okanye i-laser welding kwaye baqinisekise yonke i-bellows core besebenzisa i-helium mass spectrometry, ngokuqhelekileyo bavavanya amazinga okuvuza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-$1 \times 10^{-8}$ atm cc/sec.

Iikhrayitheriya zokuthenga kufuneka zigunyazise ukulandelelwa kwezinto ngokupheleleyo. Ababoneleli kufuneka banike izatifikethi zezinto ze-EN 10204 3.1 kuzo zonke izinto zesinyithi ezimanzi ukuqinisekisa ukwakheka kwe-alloy. Ukuvavanya amandla omthengisi okwenza ukulinganisa okunamandla kunye nokubonelela ngenkxaso yobunjineli bendawo kubaluleke ngokulinganayo ekuthembekeni kwexesha elide kunye nokuthobela ukukhutshwa komoya.

Xa iiBellows Seals zizisa imbuyekezo engcono kakhulu

Ukuhambisa izitywino zentsimbi kuzo zonke iziko akuxhaphakanga ngokwezoqoqosho ngenxa yexabiso eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe. Ukusasazwa ngobuchule kufuna ukuchonga amandla okusebenza kwesitywino ngokuchasene nokuthembeka kunye nokuthobela imithetho ethile yesityalo. Izizathu zoqoqosho zixhomekeke kumbono opheleleyo wolawulo lomjikelo wobomi bezinto, apho iindleko zexesha lokungasebenzi zihlala zidlula i-$10,000 ngeyure kwiindawo eziqhubekayo zenkqubo ezifana neendawo zokucoca ipetroli kunyeizityalo zokwenziwa kweekhemikhali.

Ngokugxila kwizinto ezibalulekileyo, ezinobungozi obukhulu, ukuthembeka

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Izigqibo ezibalulekileyo kunye nesizathu seMetal Bellows Seals
• Iinkcukacha, ukuthobela imithetho, kunye nokuhlolwa komngcipheko okufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuba uzibophelele
• Amanyathelo alandelayo asebenzayo kunye nezilumkiso abafundi abanokuzisebenzisa ngoko nangoko

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Izitywini zentsimbi ezisebenzisa i-bellows zinciphisa njani ukukhutshwa komoya kwimizi-mveliso?

Zisusa indlela yokuvuza ye-O-ring eguqukayo efumaneka kwii-pusher seals. Ezi bellows zisebenza njenge-spring seal kunye neyesibini, zinceda iimpompo ukuba ziqulathe ii-VOC kunye nolwelo oluyingozi ngempumelelo.

Ndingayikhetha nini i-metal bellows seal endaweni ye-elastomer bellow seal?

Khetha i-metal bellows xa ufuna amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukujikeleza kobushushu, iikhemikhali ezirhabaxa, okanye ulwelo olunokuqinisa ii-elastomers. Ziyasebenza kwimisebenzi enzima yokumpompa ekhupha umbane omncinci.

Ngawaphi amashishini azuza kakhulu kwiintsimbi zentsimbi?

Izityalo zekhemikhali, zepetrochemical, zeoyile negesi, zamandla, zemigodi, zaselwandle, nezamanzi zixhamla kakhulu, ingakumbi apho iimpompo zisingatha imiba yobushushu, yokuguquguquka, okanye eyingozi kunye nokuhambelana nokukhutshwa komoya ongcolileyo.

Ngaba iVictor Seals ingabonelela ngeentsimbi zentsimbi ezitywiniweyo zokutshintshwa kwepompo ye-OEM?

Ewe. I-Victor Seals ibonelela ngeentsimbi zesinyithi kunye nezinye izitywino zoomatshini zokutshintshwa kunye nokugcinwa okuhambelana ne-OEM, kubandakanya inkxaso kwiimpawu ezifana neGrundfos, IMO, Flygt, Alfa Laval, kunye ne-Allweiler.

Zeziphi iindlela zokulungisa ezinceda izitywini zentsimbi ukuba zingakhuphi umbane omninzi?

Jonga imeko yobuso besitywino, ukuvuza komngxuma, izicwangciso zokugungxula, kunye nobushushu bokusebenza. Sebenzisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo bokufakela kwaye utshintshe imikhono egugileyo okanye iiringi zokutshatisa ngokukhawuleza ukuze uphephe ukuvuza okubalekayo.