iimpompo ngomnye wabasebenzisi abakhulu bamatywina oomatshini.Njengoko igama libonisa, izitywina zoomatshini zizitywina zohlobo loqhagamshelwano, olwahlulwe kwi-aerodynamic okanye i-labyrinth non-contact seals.Iimpawu zoomatshinizikwaphawulwa njengoko elungeleleneyo mechanical seal okanyeunbalanced mechanical seal.Oku kubhekiselele kweyiphi ipesenti, ukuba ikhona, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo olunokuthi luze emva kobuso obumileyo betywina.Ukuba ubuso betywina abutyhalwanga kubuso obujikelezayo (njengetywina lohlobo lwe-pusher) okanye inkqubo yolwelo kuxinzelelo olufuna ukutywinwa ayivumelekanga ukuba ingene ngasemva kobuso betywina, uxinzelelo lwenkqubo luya kuvuthela ubuso betywina ngasemva. kwaye uvule.Umyili wetywina kufuneka athathele ingqalelo zonke iimeko zokusebenza ukuyila itywina ngamandla okuvala ayimfuneko kodwa hayi amandla amaninzi kangangokuba iyunithi elayishwayo kubuso betywina obuguquguqukayo idala ubushushu obuninzi kunye nokuguga.Le yibhalansi ethambileyo eyenza okanye iphule ukuthembeka kwempompo.
itywina eliguquguqukayo lijongana ngokwenza amandla okuvula kunendlela eqhelekileyo
ukulinganisa amandla okuvala, njengoko kuchazwe ngasentla.Ayipheli amandla okuvala ayimfuneko kodwa inika umyili wempompo kunye nomsebenzisi elinye iqhosha lokujika ngokuvumela ukukhulula okanye ukukhulula ubuso betywina, ngelixa ugcina amandla okuvala afunekayo, ngaloo ndlela ukunciphisa ukushisa kunye nokugqoka ngelixa ukwandiswa kweemeko zokusebenza ezinokwenzeka.
Amatywina eGesi eyomileyo (DGS), ehlala isetyenziswa kwiicompressors, inika amandla okuvula ebusweni betywina.La mandla enziwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo wokumpompa ococekileyo unceda ukukhuthaza irhasi ukusuka kwicala lenkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwetywina, ukuya kumsantsa nangaphaya kobuso betywina njengefilimu engadibanisiyo yolwelo.
Amandla okuvulwa kwe-aerodynamic yobuso obutywiniweyo begesi eyomileyo.I-slope yomgca imele ukuqina kwi-gap.Qaphela ukuba isithuba sikwii-microns.
Into efanayo yenzeka kwiibheringi zeoli ze-hydrodynamic ezixhasa i-compressor enkulu ye-centrifugal kunye ne-rotors yepompo kwaye ibonwa kwi-rotor dynamic eccentricity plots eboniswe yi-Bently Esi siphumo sibonelela ngokumisa umva okuzinzileyo kwaye yinto ebalulekileyo kwimpumelelo yeebheringi ze-hydrodynamic kunye ne-DGS. .Izitywini zoomatshini azinazo iigrooves zokumpompa ezilungileyo ezinokufunyanwa kubuso be-DGS obunomoya.Kusenokubakho indlela yokusebenzisa imigaqo yokuthwala igesi ecinezelekileyo yangaphandle ukukhulula amandla okuvalaubuso betywina lomatshinis.
Iziqendu zomgangatho weparameters ezinefilim-filimi xa kuthelekiswa nejenali eccentricity ratio.Ukuqina, i-K, kunye ne-damping, i-D, incinci xa ijenali isembindini wokuzala.Njengoko ijenali isondela kumphezulu wokuthwala, ukuqina kunye nokuthomalalisa kwanda kakhulu.
Iibheringi zerhasi enoxinzelelo lwangaphandle zisebenzisa umthombo werhasi enoxinzelelo, ngelixa iibheringi eziguquguqukayo zisebenzisa intshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi komphezulu wokuvelisa uxinzelelo lomsantsa.Itekhnoloji yoxinzelelo lwangaphandle ineenzuzo ezimbini ezisisiseko.Okokuqala, irhasi enoxinzelelo inokutofwa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kobuso betywina ngendlela elawulwayo kunokukhuthaza irhasi ukuba ingene kwisithuba sokutywina esinemijelo yokumpompa engekho nzulu efuna intshukumo.Oku kwenza ukwahlula ubuso betywina phambi kokuba ujikelezo luqale.Nokuba ubuso budityanisiwe, buya kuvuleka ukuze i-friction iqale kwaye iyeke xa uxinzelelo lutofwa ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwabo.Ukongezelela, ukuba isitywina sisebenza ngokushushu, kunokwenzeka ngoxinzelelo lwangaphandle ukunyusa uxinzelelo ebusweni botywino.Umsantsa ke uya kunyuka ngokomlinganiselo ngoxinzelelo, kodwa ubushushu obuvela kwi-chear buya kuwela kumsebenzi wetyhubhu yesikhewu.Oku kunika umqhubi isakhono esitsha sokusebenzisa ngokuchasene nokuveliswa kobushushu.
Kukho enye inzuzo kwiicompressors ukuba akukho mpompoza ebusweni njengoko kukho kwi-DGS.Endaweni yoko, olona xinzelelo luphezulu luphakathi kobuso betywina, kwaye uxinzelelo lwangaphandle luya kuqukuqela kwi-atmosfera okanye lungene kwelinye icala kwaye lube kwicompressor ukusuka kwelinye icala.Oku kwandisa ukuthembeka ngokugcina inkqubo ngaphandle kwesikhewu.Kwiimpompo oku akunakuba luncedo njengoko kungenakunqweneleka ukunyanzela igesi ecinezelayo kwimpompo.Iigesi ezixineneyo ngaphakathi kwiimpompo zinokubangela i-cavitation okanye imiba yehamile yomoya.Kuya kuba yinto enomdla, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ne-non-contact okanye i-friction-free seal yeepompo ngaphandle kokungahambi kakuhle kokuhamba kwegesi kwinkqubo yempompo.Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba nerhasi ecinezelekileyo yangaphandle ehamba noziro?
Imbuyekezo
Zonke iibheringi zoxinzelelo lwangaphandle zinohlobo oluthile lwembuyekezo.Imbuyekezo luhlobo oluthile lothintelo olubambe uxinzelelo lwasemva.Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yembuyekezo kukusetyenziswa orifices, kodwa kukho kwakhona groove, step kunye nobuchule imbuyekezo porous.Imbuyekezo yenza ukuba iibheringi okanye ubuso botywino bubaleke kunye ngaphandle kokuchukumisa, kuba okukhona besondela, kokukhona uxinzelelo lwerhasi luphakama phakathi kwabo, lugxotha ubuso bahlukane.
Njengomzekelo, phantsi kombhobho osicaba ohlawulelwe igesi (Umfanekiso 3), umndilili
uxinzelelo kwi-gap luyalingana nomthwalo opheleleyo kwi-bearing ekwahlulwe ngummandla wobuso, oku kulayishwa kweyunithi.Ukuba lo mthombo uxinzelelo lwegesi luyi-60 pounds nge-intshi yesikwere (psi) kwaye ubuso bune-intshi ye-square ye-10 yendawo kwaye kukho i-300 yeepounds zomthwalo, kuya kuba nomyinge we-30 psi kwi-gap yokuthwala.Ngokuqhelekileyo, isithuba siya kuba malunga nee-intshi ze-0.0003, kwaye ngenxa yokuba isithuba sincinci kakhulu, ukuhamba kuya kuba malunga ne-0.2 ye-cubic feet esemgangathweni ngomzuzu (scfm).Ngenxa yokuba kukho isithinteli se-orifice ngaphambi nje kokuba umsantsa ubambe uxinzelelo umva kwindawo ebekelwe kuyo, ukuba umthwalo unyuka uye kuthi ga kwiipounds ezingama-400 umsantsa wokuthwala uyathotywa ukuya kutsho malunga nee-intshi ze-0.0002, ukuthintela ukuhamba ngesithuba sokuhla nge-0.1 scfm.Oku kwanda kwisithintelo sesibini kunika umqobo we-orifice ukuhamba okwaneleyo ukuvumela ukunyanzeliswa kwe-avareji kwi-gap ukunyuka ukuya kwi-40 psi kunye nokuxhasa umthwalo owandisiweyo.
Lo ngumbono wecala elisikiweyo lomoya osikiweyo ofumaneka kumatshini wokulinganisa wolungelelwaniso (CMM).Ukuba inkqubo ye-pneumatic kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo "njengembuyekezo yembuyekezo" kufuneka ibe nesithintelo esinyukayo somda we-bearing gap.
Orifice vs. Imbuyekezo yePorous
Imbuyekezo ye-Orifice yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu yembuyekezo I-orifice eqhelekileyo inokuba nobubanzi bomngxuma oyi-intshi ezi-.010, kodwa njengoko isondla ii-intshi ezimbalwa zesikwere sommandla, isondla iiodolo ezininzi zobukhulu ngaphezu kwayo, ngoko ke isantya irhasi ingaba phezulu.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-orifices zisikwa ngokuchanekileyo kwiirubhi okanye iisafire ukunqanda ukukhukuliseka kobukhulu bendawo kwaye ke utshintsho ekusebenzeni kokuthwala.Omnye umba kukuba kwizithuba ezingaphantsi kwee-intshi ze-0.0002, indawo ejikeleze i-orifice iqala ukuminxa ukuhamba kobuso bonke, apho kwenzeka ukuwa kwefilimu yegesi. orifice kunye naziphi na iigrooves ziyafumaneka ukuqalisa lift.Esi sesinye sezizathu eziphambili zokuxinzezeleka kweebheringi zangaphandle azibonwa kwizicwangciso zetywina.
Oku akunjalo kwi-porous imbuyekezo yokuthwala, endaweni yoko ukuqina kuyaqhubeka
ukwanda njengoko umthwalo unyuka kwaye i-gap iyancipha, njengoko kunjalo nge-DGS (Umfanekiso 1) kunye
iibheringi zeoli ye-hydrodynamic.Kwimeko yeebheringi ze-porous ezixinzelelweyo zangaphandle, ukuthwala kuya kuba kwimodi yamandla okulinganiselayo xa amaxesha oxinzelelo lwegalelo indawo ilingana nomthwalo opheleleyo ekuthwaleni.Le yimeko yetribological enomdla njengoko kukho i-zero lift okanye umsantsa womoya.Kuya kubakho ukuhamba kwe-zero, kodwa amandla e-hydrostatic yoxinzelelo lomoya ngokuchasene nomphezulu we-counter phantsi kobuso be-bearing usenobunzima bomthwalo opheleleyo kwaye uphumela kwi-coefficient ye-friction esondeleyo-nangona ubuso zisadibana.
Umzekelo, ukuba ubuso be-graphite seal bunommandla wee-intshi ezili-10 kunye ne-1,000 yeepounds zamandla okuvala kwaye igraphite inomlinganiso wokukhuhlana kwe-0.1, kuya kufuna i-100 leponti zamandla ukuqalisa intshukumo.Kodwa ngomthombo woxinzelelo lwangaphandle we-100 psi efakwe kwi-graphite ene-porous ebusweni bayo, kuya kubakho i-zero force efunekayo ukuqalisa intshukumo.Oku kwenzeka nangona kusekho i-1,000 leeponti zokuvala amandla okucudisa ubuso obubini kunye kwaye ubuso budibene ngokwasemzimbeni.
Iklasi yezinto eziphathekayo ezicacileyo ezifana ne-graphite, iikhabhoni kunye neekeramics ezifana ne-alumina kunye ne-silicon-carbides ezaziwa kumashishini e-turbo kwaye ziyi-porous ngokwemvelo ukuze zisetyenziswe njengeebheringi ezixinzelelweyo zangaphandle ezingenakuthinta ifilimu yefilimu.Kukho umsebenzi oxubileyo apho uxinzelelo lwangaphandle lusetyenziselwa ukukhulula uxinzelelo loqhagamshelwano okanye amandla okuvala itywina ukusuka kwi-tribology eqhubekayo ebusweni bokudibanisa.Oku kuvumela umqhubi wempompo ukuba alungelelanise ngaphandle kwempompo ukujongana nezicelo zengxaki kunye nokusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu ngelixa usebenzisa izitywina zoomatshini.
Lo mgaqo ukwasebenza kwiibhrashi, ii-commutators, i-exciters, okanye nayiphi na i-conductor yoqhagamshelwano enokuthi isetyenziswe ukuthatha idatha okanye imisinga yombane okanye ukucima izinto ezijikelezayo.Njengoko i-rotors ijikeleza ngokukhawuleza kwaye iphuma inyuka, kunokuba nzima ukugcina ezi zixhobo zidibanisa ne-shaft, kwaye kudla ngokuyimfuneko ukunyusa uxinzelelo lwentwasahlobo olubambe ngokuchasene ne-shaft.Ngelishwa, ngokukodwa kwimeko yokusebenza kwesantya esiphezulu, oku kunyuka kwamandla oqhagamshelwano nako kubangela ukushisa okukhulu kunye nokugqoka.Umgaqo ofanayo we-hybrid osetyenziswa kubuso be-mechanical seal echazwe ngasentla nayo ingasetyenziswa apha, apho ukudibanisa ngokomzimba kuyadingeka ukuze kuqhutywe umbane phakathi kweendawo ezimileyo kunye nezijikelezayo.Uxinzelelo lwangaphandle lunokusetyenziswa njengoxinzelelo oluvela kwi-cylinder ye-hydraulic yokunciphisa ukukhuhlana kwi-interface eguqukayo ngelixa lisandisa amandla entwasahlobo okanye amandla okuvala afunekayo ukuze kugcinwe ibrashi okanye ukutywinwa kobuso ngokudibanisa ne-shaft ejikelezayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-21-2023