Yintoni iuphawu lomgodi wepompo?
Izitywino zeshaft zithintela ukuphuma kolwelo kwishaft ejikelezayo okanye ejikelezayo. Oku kubalulekile kuzo zonke iipompo kwaye kwimeko yeepompo ze-centrifugal kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutywina: ukupakisha, izitywino zemilebe, kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zezitywino zoomatshini - enye, ezimbini kunye ne-tandem kubandakanya nezitywino zekhatriji. Iipompo zokuhambisa ezijikelezayo ezifana neepompo zegiya kunye neepompo zevane ziyafumaneka kunye nokulungiswa kokutywina, imilebe kunye noomatshini. Iipompo zokubuyisela zibangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zokutywina kwaye zihlala zixhomekeke kwizitywino zemilebe okanye ukupakisha. Ezinye iindlela, ezifana neepompo zokuqhuba ngemagnethi, iipompo ze-diaphragm okanye iipompo ze-peristaltic, azifuni zitywino ze-shaft. Ezi zipompo zibizwa ngokuba 'zingenasitywino' ziquka izitywino ezimileyo ukuthintela ukuvuza kolwelo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zeempompo ze-shaft seals?
Ukupakisha
Ukupakisha (okwaziwa ngokuba kukupakisha i-shaft okanye ukupakisha i-gland) kuqulathe izinto ezithambileyo, ezihlala zilukwa okanye zenziwe zibe ziingcezu. Oku kucinezelwa kwigumbi elijikeleze i-drive shaft ebizwa ngokuba yi-stuffing box ukwenza isitywino (Umfanekiso 1). Ngokwesiqhelo, ucinezelo lufakwa nge-axial kwi-packing kodwa lunokusetyenziswa nge-radially yi-hydraulic medium.
Ngokwesiko, ukupakisha kwakwenziwa ngesikhumba, intambo okanye iflakisi kodwa ngoku kudla ngokuba nezinto ezingangeniyo ezifana ne-PTFE eyongeziweyo, i-grafiti ecinezelweyo, kunye ne-elastomers ezigobileyo. Ukupakisha kungabizi kakhulu kwaye kusetyenziswa rhoqo kwizinto eziqinileyo nezinzima ukuzivala ezifana neeresini, i-tar okanye izincamathelisi. Nangona kunjalo, yindlela engalunganga yokuvala izinto ezibhityileyo, ingakumbi xa uxinzelelo luphezulu. Ukupakisha akufane kuphumelele kakhulu, kwaye kunokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuvalwa okucwangcisiweyo.
Izitywino zokupakisha zifuna ukuthambisa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuqokelelana kobushushu obunokungqubana. Oku kudla ngokunikezelwa lulwelo olupompelweyo ngokwalo oludla ngokuvuza kancinci kwizinto zokupakisha. Oku kunokuba yingxubakaxaka kwaye kwimeko yezinto ezirhabaxa, ezinokutsha, okanye ezinobungozi akwamkelekanga. Kwezi meko, i-lubricant yangaphandle ekhuselekileyo inokusetyenziswa. Ukupakisha akufanelekanga kwiimpompo zokuvala ezisetyenziselwa ulwelo oluneziqwenga ezirhabaxa. Izinto eziqinileyo zinokungena kwizinto zokupakisha kwaye oku kunokonakalisa umngxuma wepompo okanye udonga lwebhokisi yokuzalisa.
Izivalo zomlomo
IiLip Seals, ezaziwa ngokuba zii-radial shaft seals, zizinto ezijikelezayo ze-elastomeric ezibanjwe kwindawo yazo ngokuchasene ne-drive shaft yi-robust outer housing (Umfanekiso 2). I-seal ivela kuqhagamshelwano oluphakathi kwe-'lip' kunye ne-shaft kwaye oku kudla ngokuqina yi-spring. Ii-Lip seals zixhaphakile kulo lonke ishishini le-hydraulic kwaye zinokufumaneka kwiimpompo, ii-hydraulic motors, kunye nee-actuators. Zihlala zibonelela nge-seal yesibini, yokuxhasa ezinye iinkqubo zokuvala ezifana nee-mechanical seals Ii-Lip seals zihlala zikhawulelwe kuxinzelelo oluphantsi kwaye azilunganga kwii-liquids ezincinci, ezingathambisekiyo. Iinkqubo ezininzi ze-lip seal zisetyenziswe ngempumelelo ngokuchasene neendidi ezahlukeneyo ze-viscous, ezingarhawuzeliyo. Ii-lip seals azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa nazo naziphi na ii-abrasive liquids okanye ii-fluid ezine-solids njengoko zinokonakala kwaye nawuphi na umonakalo omncinci unokukhokelela ekungasebenzini.
Izivatho zoomatshini
Izitywino zoomatshini ngokusisiseko ziquka isibini esinye okanye ngaphezulu sobuso obuthe tyaba, obukhazimlayo kakhulu, obunye bume kwi-casing kwaye obunye bujikeleza, buqhagamshelwe kwi-drive shaft (Umfanekiso 3). Ubuso bufuna ukuthambisa, nokuba lulwelo olupompelweyo ngokwalo okanye lulwelo oluthintelayo. Enyanisweni, ubuso besitywino budibana kuphela xa ipompo iphumle. Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, ulwelo oluthambisayo lubonelela ngefilimu encinci, ene-hydrodynamic phakathi kobuso besitywino esichaseneyo, ukunciphisa ukuguguleka kunye nokunceda ukusasazwa kobushushu.
Izitywino zoomatshini zinokuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lolwelo, ubunzulu, uxinzelelo, kunye namaqondo obushushu. Nangona kunjalo, isitywino soomatshini akufuneki sisetyenziswe somile. Inzuzo ephambili yeenkqubo zesitywino zoomatshini kukuba umngxuma wokuqhuba kunye nekhava aziyonxalenye yendlela yokutywina (njengoko kunjalo ngezivalo zokupakisha kunye nemilebe) kwaye ngenxa yoko azigugi.
Izitywino eziphindwe kabini
Izitywino eziphindwe kabini zisebenzisa izitywino ezimbini zoomatshini ezibekwe ngasemva ngasemva (Umfanekiso 4). Indawo engaphakathi kwiiseti ezimbini zobuso besitywino ingaxinwa ngamanzi ngolwelo oluthintelayo ukuze ifilimu ekwibuso besitywino efunekayo ukuze kuthanjiswe ibe lulwelo oluthintelayo hayi oluthintelayo. Ulwelo oluthintelayo kufuneka luhambelane nolwelo oluthintelayo. Izitywino eziphindwe kabini zinzima ngakumbi ukusebenza ngenxa yesidingo soxinzelelo kwaye zihlala zisetyenziswa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko ukukhusela abasebenzi, izinto zangaphandle kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo kwizinto ezinobungozi, ezinobuthi okanye ezinokutsha.
Izitywino ezidibeneyo
Izitywino ezidityanisiweyo zifana nezitywino eziphindwe kabini kodwa iiseti ezimbini zezitywino zoomatshini zijonge kwicala elinye kunokuba zijonge ngasemva. Yitywino esecaleni lemveliso kuphela ejikeleza kulwelo olupompelweyo kodwa ukuvuza ngaphaya kobuso besitywino ekugqibeleni kungcolisa isithambisi sokuthintela. Oku kunemiphumo kwisitywino esecaleni somoya kunye nokusingqongileyo okungqongileyo.
Izitywino zekhatriji
Itywina lekhatriji yiphakheji ehlanganiswe kwangaphambili yezinto zesitywina zoomatshini. Ukwakhiwa kwekhatriji kususa imiba yokufakela efana nesidingo sokulinganisa nokuseta ucinezelo lwentwasahlobo. Ubuso besitywina bukwakhuselwe ekonakaleni ngexesha lokufakwa. Kwindlela yoyilo, isitywina sekhatriji sinokuba yinkqubo enye, ephindwe kabini okanye edibeneyo equlethwe ngaphakathi kwi-gland kwaye yakhelwe kwisingxobo.
Izitywino zokuthintela igesi.
Ezi zizihlalo ezimbini ezifana nekhatriji ezineebuso ezenzelwe ukuba zixinzelelwe kusetyenziswa igesi engangeniyo njengesithintelo, ezithatha indawo yolwelo lokuthambisa oluqhelekileyo. Iisembozo zinokwahlulwa okanye zibanjwe ngonxibelelwano olukhululekileyo ngexesha lokusebenza ngokulungisa uxinzelelo lwegesi. Inani elincinci legesi linokuphuma liye kwimveliso nakwimo engqongileyo.
Isishwankathelo
Izitywino zeshaft zithintela ukuphuma kolwelo kwishaft ejikelezayo okanye ejikelezayo yepompo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho iindlela ezininzi zokutywina ezifumanekayo: iipakethi, izitywino zemilebe, kunye neentlobo ngeentlobo zezitywino zoomatshini - zodwa, ezimbini kunye nezidibeneyo kubandakanya nezitywino zekhatriji.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-18-2023