Iingqwalaselo zokuKhetha iTywina-Ukufaka iZitywina eziPhakamileyo eziDityanisiweyo zoomatshini

Amalungiselelo 3 mechanical seals areamatywina amabiniapho isithintelo solwelo phakathi kwezitywina sigcinwa kuxinzelelo olukhulu kunoxinzelelo lwegumbi lokutywina. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ishishini liye laphuhlisa izicwangciso ezininzi zokudala indawo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu oluyimfuneko kula matywina. Ezi zicwangciso zifakiwe kwizicwangciso zemibhobho yomatshini wokutywina. Ngelixa ezininzi zezi zicwangciso zisebenza imisebenzi efanayo, iimpawu zokusebenza nganye zingahluka kakhulu kwaye ziya kuchaphazela yonke imiba yenkqubo yokutywinwa.

I-Piping Plan 53B, njengoko ichazwa yi-API 682, sisicwangciso sokubhobhoza esicinezela ulwelo lwesithintelo nge-nitrogen charged bladder accumulator. I-bladder ecinezelekileyo isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwi-barrier barrier, icinezela yonke inkqubo yokutywinwa. Isinyi sithintela ukudibana ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwegesi yoxinzelelo kunye nolwelo lomqobo ophelisa ukufunxwa kwegesi kulwelo. Oku kuvumela iPlani yePiping 53B ukuba isetyenziswe kwizicelo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunePlani yePiping 53A. Ubume bokuzimela be-accumulator buphinda buphelise imfuno yokubonelela nge-nitrogen rhoqo, eyenza inkqubo ilungele ukufakwa okude.

Izibonelelo ze-accumulator yesinyi, nangona kunjalo, zithotywe ngezinye zeempawu zokusebenza zenkqubo. Uxinzelelo lwe-Piping Plan 53B lumiselwa ngokuthe ngqo luxinzelelo lwerhasi esinyini. Olu xinzelelo lunokutshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ngenxa yeenguqu ezininzi.

Isinyi esikwi-accumulator kufuneka sihlawulwe kwangaphambili phambi kokuba kufakwe isithintelo kwisistim. Oku kudala isiseko sazo zonke izibalo zexesha elizayo kunye nokutolika kwenkqubo yokusebenza. Olona xinzelelo lwangaphambili luxhomekeke kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwesixokelelwano kunye nomthamo wokhuseleko wolwelo lwesithintelo kwii-accumulators. Uxinzelelo lwe-pre-charge lukwaxhomekeke kubushushu berhasi kwisinyi. Qaphela: uxinzelelo lwangaphambili lubekwe kuphela ekuthumeni kokuqala kwenkqubo kwaye aluyi kulungelelaniswa ngexesha lokusebenza kwangempela.

Uxinzelelo lwerhasi esinyini luya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubushushu berhasi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ubushushu berhasi buya kulandelela ubushushu be-ambient kwindawo yokufakela. Izicelo kwimimandla apho kukho utshintsho olukhulu lwemihla ngemihla kunye nexesha lonyaka kumaqondo obushushu luya kuba noguquko olukhulu kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo.

Isithintelo sokuSetyenziswa kolweloNgexesha lokusebenza, izitywini zoomatshini ziya kusebenzisa ulwelo lwesithintelo ngokuvuza kwetywina okuqhelekileyo. Olu luthintelo lwe-fluid luzaliswa yi-fluid kwi-accumulator, okubangela ukwanda kwegesi kwi-bladder kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwenkqubo. Olu tshintsho ngumsebenzi wesayizi ye-accumulator, amazinga okuvuza kwetywina, kunye nekhefu elifunekayo lokulondolozwa kwesistim (umz. iintsuku ezingama-28).

Utshintsho kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo yindlela ephambili yokuba umsebenzisi wokugqibela alandele ukusebenza kwetywina. Uxinzelelo lukwasetyenziselwa ukwenza ii-alam zokulondoloza kunye nokubona ukusilela kwetywina. Nangona kunjalo, uxinzelelo luya kutshintsha ngokuqhubekayo ngelixa inkqubo isebenza. Umsebenzisi kufuneka abeke njani uxinzelelo kwinkqubo yePlani 53B? Xa kuyimfuneko ukongeza ulwelo lwesithintelo? Kufuneka kongezwe ulwelo olungakanani?

Iseti yokuqala epapashwe ngokubanzi yezibalo zobunjineli kwiinkqubo ze-Plan 53B ibonakala kwi-API 682 uHlelo lwesine. Isihlomelo F sibonelela ngemiyalelo yenyathelo nenyathelo malunga nendlela yokumisela uxinzelelo kunye nomthamo wesi sicwangciso semibhobho. Enye yeemfuno eziluncedo kakhulu ze-API 682 kukwenza i-nameplate esemgangathweni ye-accumulators ye-bladder (API 682 uHlelo lwesine, iThebhile 10). Le nameplate iqulathe itheyibhile ebamba ukutshaja kwangaphambili, ukugcwaliswa kwakhona, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-alam yesistim kuluhlu lweemeko zobushushu be-ambient kwindawo yesicelo. Qaphela: Itheyibhile esemgangathweni ingumzekelo nje kwaye amaxabiso angawona aya kutshintsha kakhulu xa esetyenziswa kwisicelo esithile sentsimi.

Enye yeengcamango ezisisiseko zoMfanekiso 2 kukuba iSicwangciso soMbhobho se-53B kulindeleke ukuba sisebenze ngokuqhubekayo kwaye ngaphandle kokutshintsha uxinzelelo lokuqala lwangaphambili. Kukwakho nentelekelelo yokuba inkqubo inokuvezwa kuluhlu lobushushu be-ambient ngexesha elifutshane. Ezi zineempembelelo ezibalulekileyo kuyilo lwesixokelelwano kwaye zifuna ukuba inkqubo isetyenziswe ngoxinzelelo olukhulu kunezinye izicwangciso zemibhobho yokutywina kabini.

Ukusebenzisa i-Figure 2 njengesalathiso, isicelo somzekelo sifakwe kwindawo apho ubushushu be-ambient buphakathi kwe -17 ° C (1 ° F) kunye ne-70 ° C (158 ° F). Isiphelo esiphezulu solu luhlu sibonakala siphezulu ngokungekho ngqiqweni, kodwa sikwabandakanya imiphumo yokufudumeza kwelanga kwe-accumulator evezwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Imigca ekwitheyibhile imele izithuba zobushushu phakathi kwawona maxabiso aphezulu naphantsi.

Xa umsebenzisi wokugqibela esebenza inkqubo, baya kongeza isithintelo soxinzelelo lwe-fluid de uxinzelelo lokuzalisa lufikelelwe kwiqondo lobushushu elikhoyo ngoku. Uxinzelelo lwe-alarm luxinzelelo olubonisa ukuba umsebenzisi wokugqibela kufuneka afake ulwelo olongezelelweyo lomqobo. Kwi-25 ° C (77 ° F), umqhubi uya kuhlawulisa kwangaphambili i-accumulator kwi-30.3 bar (440 PSIG), i-alamu iya kumiselwa i-30.7 bar (445 PSIG), kwaye umqhubi uya kongeza umbane wokuthintela de kufike uxinzelelo. 37.9 ibha (550 PSIG). Ukuba ubushushu be-ambient behlile ukuya ku-0 ° C (32 ° F), ngoko ke uxinzelelo lwe-alam luya kuhla luye kwi-bar ye-28.1 (408 PSIG) kunye noxinzelelo lokuzalisa kwakhona kwi-34.7 bar (504 PSIG).

Kulo mzekelo, i-alam kunye noxinzelelo lokuzalisa kwakhona zombini ziyatshintsha, okanye zidada, ukuphendula kumaqondo obushushu akwi-ambient. Le ndlela isoloko ibizwa ngokuba sisicwangciso esidadayo. Zombini i-alam kunye nokuzalisa kwakhona "i-float." Oku kubangela uxinezeleko oluphantsi lokusebenza kwinkqubo yokutywina. Oku, nangona kunjalo, kubeka iimfuno ezimbini ezikhethekileyo kumsebenzisi wokugqibela; ukufumanisa uxinzelelo lwe-alam oluchanekileyo kunye noxinzelelo lokuzalisa kwakhona. Uxinzelelo lwe-alarm lwenkqubo ngumsebenzi wobushushu kwaye olu dlelwane kufuneka lucwangciswe kwinkqubo ye-DCS yomsebenzisi wokugqibela. Uxinzelelo lokuzalisa kwakhona luya kuxhomekeka kubushushu be-ambient, ngoko ke umqhubi uya kufuneka abhekisele kwi-nameplate ukuze afumane uxinzelelo oluchanekileyo kwiimeko zangoku.

Abanye abasebenzisi bokugqibela bafuna indlela elula kwaye banqwenela isicwangciso apho zombini uxinzelelo lwe-alam kunye noxinzelelo lokuzalisa kwakhona luhlala luhleli (okanye lulungisiwe) kwaye luzimeleyo kumaqondo obushushu akwindawo ethile. Isicwangciso esisisigxina sibonelela umsebenzisi wokugqibela ngoxinzelelo olulodwa kuphela lokuzalisa inkqubo kunye nexabiso kuphela lokwethusa inkqubo. Ngelishwa, le meko kufuneka icinge ukuba iqondo lokushisa likwixabiso eliphezulu, ekubeni izibalo zihlawulela ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa ukusuka kwiqondo eliphezulu ukuya kwiqondo elincinci. Oku kubangela ukuba inkqubo isebenze kuxinzelelo oluphezulu. Kwezinye izicelo, ukusebenzisa isicwangciso esisisigxina kunokubangela utshintsho kuyilo lwesitywina okanye ukulinganiswa kwe-MAWP kwamanye amacandelo enkqubo yokusingatha uxinzelelo oluphakamileyo.

Abanye abasebenzisi bokugqibela baya kusebenzisa indlela ye-hybrid kunye noxinzelelo olusisigxina lwe-alam kunye noxinzelelo lokuzalisa okudadayo. Oku kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo lokusebenza ngelixa usenza lula izicwangciso ze-alamu. Isigqibo sesicwangciso esichanekileyo se-alam kufuneka senziwe kuphela emva kokuqwalasela imeko yesicelo, uluhlu lobushushu be-ambient, kunye neemfuno zabasebenzisi bokugqibela.

Kukho uhlengahlengiso oluthile kuyilo lweSicwangciso seMibhobho 53B esinokunceda ukunciphisa eminye yale mingeni. Ukufudumeza kwimitha yelanga kunokunyusa kakhulu ubushushu obuphezulu be-accumulator yezibalo zoyilo. Ukubeka i-accumulator emthunzini okanye ukwakha isikhuseli selanga kwi-accumulator kunokuphelisa ukushisa kwelanga kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu obuphezulu kwizibalo.

Kwezi nkcazo zingentla, igama elithi ubushushu be-ambient lisetyenziselwa ukumela ubushushu berhasi esinyini. Phantsi kobume obuzinzileyo okanye iimeko zobushushu obutshintsha kancinci kancinci, le yingcinga efanelekileyo. Ukuba kukho ujingi olukhulu kwiimeko zobushushu phakathi kwemini nobusuku, ukugquma i-accumulator kunokumodareyitha ujingi olusebenzayo lwesinyi okukhokelela kubushushu bokusebenza obuzinze ngakumbi.

Le ndlela inokwandiswa ekusebenziseni ukulandelwa kobushushu kunye nokugquma kwi-accumulator. Xa oku kusetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, i-accumulator iya kusebenza kwiqondo lobushushu elinye kungakhathaliseki utshintsho lwemihla ngemihla okanye lonyaka kwiqondo lokushisa. Oku mhlawumbi lolona khetho lubalulekileyo loyilo olunokuqwalaselwa kwiindawo ezinotshintsho olukhulu lobushushu. Le ndlela inesiseko esikhulu esifakwe kwintsimi kwaye ivumele iSicwangciso se-53B ukuba sisetyenziswe kwiindawo ezingenakukwazi ukulandelwa kokushisa.

Abasebenzisi bokugqibela abacinga ukusebenzisa iSicwangciso soMbhobho 53B kufuneka baqonde ukuba esi sicwangciso semibhobho ayisoSicwangciso sokuBopha esingu-53A esine-accumulator. Phantse yonke imiba yoyilo lwenkqubo, ukugunyaziswa, ukusebenza, kunye nokugcinwa kwePlani 53B yodwa kolu cwangciso lwemibhobho. Uninzi lweengxaki eziye zafunyanwa ngabasebenzisi bokugqibela zivela ngenxa yokungaqondi kakuhle inkqubo. Ukutywinwa kwe-OEMs kunokulungiselela uhlalutyo oluthe kratya kwisicelo esithile kwaye kunokubonelela ngemvelaphi efunekayo ukunceda umsebenzisi wokugqibela acacise ngokufanelekileyo kwaye asebenze le nkqubo.