Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo ezifuna ukutywinwa kweshafti ejikelezayo edlula kwindawo engashukumiyo. Imizekelo emibini eqhelekileyo ziipompo kunye nee-mixers (okanye ii-agitators). Ngelixa izixhobo ezisisiseko
imigaqo yokutywina izixhobo ezahlukeneyo iyafana, kukho umahluko ofuna izisombululo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungaqondani kukhokelele kwiingxabano ezifana nokubiza i-American Petroleum Institute
(API) 682 (umgangatho wokutywina koomatshini bepompo) xa kucaciswa izitywino zabaxubi. Xa kucingwa ngezitywino zoomatshini zeepompo xa kuthelekiswa nabaxubi, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini. Umzekelo, iipompo ezixhonywe ngaphezulu zinemigama emifutshane (ngesiqhelo ilinganiswa ngee-intshi) ukusuka kwi-impeller ukuya kwi-radial bearing xa kuthelekiswa nomxubi oqhelekileyo wokungena phezulu (ngesiqhelo ilinganiswa ngeenyawo).
Lo mgama mde ungaxhaswayo uphumela kwiqonga elingazinzanga kakhulu elinokujikeleziswa okukhulu kwe-radial, ukungalungelelani okuthe nkqo kunye nokungaqhelekanga kuneempompo. Ukwanda kokujikeleziswa kwezixhobo kubeka imingeni ethile yoyilo lwezitywino zoomatshini. Kuthekani ukuba ukujikwa kweshaft bekuyi-radial kuphela? Ukuyila isitywino sale meko kungenziwa ngokulula ngokwandisa iindawo eziphakathi kwezinto ezijikelezayo nezimiyo kunye nokwandiswa kwemiphezulu yobuso be-seal. Njengoko kucingelwa, iingxaki azilula kangako. Ukulayisha ecaleni kwi-impeller(s), naphi na apho zilele khona kwi-mixer shaft, kunika ukujikwa okuguqulela yonke indlela ukuya kwi-seal ukuya kwindawo yokuqala yenkxaso ye-shaft—i-gearbox radial bearing. Ngenxa yokujikwa kwe-shaft kunye ne-pendulum motion, ukujikwa akuyonto icwangcisiweyo.
Oku kuya kuba ne-radial kunye ne-angular component kuyo edala ukungalingani okuthe nkqo kwi-seal enokubangela iingxaki kwi-mechanical seal. Ukuphambuka kungabalwa ukuba iimpawu eziphambili ze-shaft kunye nomthwalo we-shaft ziyaziwa. Umzekelo, i-API 682 ithi ukuphambuka kwe-shaft radial ebusweni be-seal yepompo kufuneka kulingane okanye kungaphantsi kwe-0.002 intshi iyonke i-indicated reading (TIR) kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwi-top entry mixer luphakathi kwe-0.03 ukuya kwi-0.150 intshi ye-TIR. Iingxaki ngaphakathi kwe-mechanical seal ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yokuphambuka kwe-shaft okugqithisileyo ziquka ukuguguleka okwandileyo kwi-seal components, ii-components ezijikelezayo ezidibana ne-standalone components, ukuqengqeleka kunye nokuxinana kwe-dynamic O-ring (okubangela ukungaphumeleli kwe-spiral ye-O-ring okanye ubuso buxhome). Zonke ezi zinto zinokukhokelela kubomi obuncitshisiweyo be-seal. Ngenxa yokunyakaza okugqithisileyo okukhoyo kwi-mixers, ii-mechanical seals zinokubonisa ukuvuza okungakumbi xa kuthelekiswa ne-efanayo.izitywino zepompo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba isitywino sitsalwe ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye/okanye singasebenzi kwangethuba ukuba asijongwanga ngokusondeleyo.
Kukho amaxesha xa usebenza ngokusondeleyo nabavelisi bezixhobo kwaye uqonda uyilo lwezixhobo apho i-rolling element bearing inokufakwa kwiikhatriji zesitywino ukunciphisa i-angular ebusweni besitywino nokunciphisa ezi ngxaki. Kufuneka kuthathwe unonophelo ukuze kusetyenziswe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-bearing kwaye ukuba imithwalo enokubakho ye-bearing iqondwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ingxaki ingaya isiba mandundu okanye idale ingxaki entsha, ngokongeza i-bearing. Abathengisi besitywino kufuneka basebenzisane ngokusondeleyo ne-OEM kunye nabavelisi bee-bearing ukuqinisekisa uyilo olufanelekileyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Mixer seal kudla ngokuba yi-speed ephantsi (ukujikeleziswa oku-5 ukuya kuma-300 ngomzuzu [rpm]) kwaye akunakusebenzisa ezinye iindlela zemveli zokugcina ulwelo oluthintelayo lupholile. Umzekelo, kwiPlan 53A ye-dual seals, ukujikeleza kolwelo oluthintelayo kunikezelwa luphawu lwangaphakathi lokupompa olufana ne-axial pumping screw. Umngeni kukuba uphawu lokupompa luxhomekeke kwisantya sezixhobo ukuvelisa ukuhamba kwaye isantya sokuxuba esiqhelekileyo asiphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa amazinga okuhamba aluncedo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ubushushu obuveliswa bubuso be-seal abuyiyo into ebangela ukuba ubushushu bolwelo oluthintelayo bunyuke kwi-auphawu lokuxuba. Kukuntywila kobushushu kule nkqubo okunokubangela ukunyuka kobushushu bolwelo oluthintelayo kunye nokwenza ukuba izinto ezisezantsi zokuvala, ubuso kunye nee-elastomers, umzekelo, zibe sesichengeni sobushushu obuphezulu. Izinto ezisezantsi zokuvala, ezifana nobuso bokuvala kunye nee-O-rings, zisengozini ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba zikufutshane nale nkqubo. Asikuko ubushushu obonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo ubuso bokuvala kodwa kunoko yi-viscosity enciphileyo, kwaye ke ngoko, ukuthambisa kolwelo oluthintelayo kwiindawo ezisezantsi zokuvala. Ukuthambisa okungekho semgangathweni kubangela umonakalo ebusweni ngenxa yokudibana. Ezinye iimpawu zoyilo zinokufakwa kwikhatriji yokuvala ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu bokuvala buphantsi kwaye kukhuselwe izinto ezivalayo.
Izitywino zoomatshini zabaxubi zinokwenziwa ngeekhoyili zokupholisa zangaphakathi okanye iijakethi ezidibana ngqo nolwelo oluthintelayo. Ezi mpawu ziyiluphu evaliweyo, inkqubo yoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ehamba kancinci enamanzi okupholisa ajikeleza kuyo esebenza njengesitshintshi sobushushu esidibeneyo. Enye indlela kukusebenzisa ispool yokupholisa kwikhatriji yesitywino phakathi kwezinto zesitywino esisezantsi kunye nomphezulu wokufaka izixhobo. Ispool yokupholisa yindawo apho amanzi okupholisa anoxinzelelo oluphantsi anokudlulela kuyo ukwenza umqobo wokukhusela phakathi kwesitywino kunye nesitya ukunciphisa ukuntywila kobushushu. Ispool yokupholisa eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo inokuthintela amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo anokubangela umonakaloubuso besitywinakunye nee-elastomers. Ukufunxwa bubushushu kule nkqubo kubangela ukuba ubushushu bolwelo oluthintelayo bunyuke endaweni yoko.
Ezi mpawu zimbini zoyilo zingasetyenziswa kunye okanye ngokwahlukeneyo ukunceda ukulawula amaqondo obushushu kwitywina loomatshini. Rhoqo, izitywina zoomatshini zabaxubi zichazwe ukuba zihambelana ne-API 682, uHlelo lwesi-4 lweCandelo 1, nangona ezi matshini zingahambelani neemfuno zoyilo kwi-API 610/682 ngokusebenza, ngokwemilinganiselo kunye/okanye ngokoomatshini. Oku kungenxa yokuba abasebenzisi bokugqibela baqhelene kwaye bakhululekile nge-API 682 njengenkcazo yesitywina kwaye abazi ezinye zeenkcukacha zoshishino ezisebenza ngakumbi kwezi matshini/izitywina. I-Process Industry Practices (PIP) kunye ne-Deutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) zimigangatho emibini zoshishino efanelekileyo ngakumbi kwezi ntlobo zezitywina—imigangatho ye-DIN 28138/28154 sele ichazwe ixesha elide kwii-OEM zomxube eYurophu, kwaye i-PIP RESM003 isetyenzisiwe njengemfuneko yeenkcukacha zezitywina zoomatshini kwizixhobo zokuxuba. Ngaphandle kwezi nkcukacha, akukho migangatho yeshishini eqhelekileyo, ekhokelela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zobukhulu begumbi lokutywina, ukunyamezelana koomatshini bokuchwetheza, ukuphambuka kweshaft, uyilo lwebhokisi yegiya, amalungiselelo eebheringi, njl.njl., ezihluka ukusuka kwi-OEM ukuya kwi-OEM.
Indawo yomsebenzisi kunye neshishini lakhe ziya kugqiba kakhulu ukuba yeyiphi kwezi nkcukacha eza kufaneleka kakhulu kwisiza sakhe.izitywino zomatshini zokuxubaUkucacisa i-API 682 kwisitywina somxube kunokuba yindleko eyongezelelweyo engeyomfuneko kunye nengxaki. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukufaka isitywina esisisiseko se-API 682-qualified kwisimo somxube, le ndlela idla ngokuphumela kwingxaki zombini ngokwemigaqo yokuthobela i-API 682 kunye nokufaneleka koyilo lwezicelo zomxube. Umfanekiso 3 ubonisa uluhlu lomahluko phakathi kwesitywina se-API 682 sodidi 1 kunye nesitywina esiqhelekileyo somxube.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-26-2023