Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo ezifuna ukutywinwa kweshaft ejikelezayo edlula kwindlu emileyo. Imizekelo emibini eqhelekileyo ziimpompo kunye nabaxube (okanye ii-agitators). Ngelixa isiseko
imigaqo yokutywina izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ziyafana, kukho ulwahlulo olufuna izisombululo ezahlukeneyo. Oku kungaqondani kuye kwakhokelela kungquzulwano olunjengokubizelwa kweAmerican Petroleum Institute
(API) 682 (umgangatho wokutywina womatshini wepompo) xa uchaza izitywina zabaxube. Xa kuqwalaselwa izitywina zoomatshini kwiimpompo ngokuchasene nabaxubi, kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi ndidi zimbini. Umzekelo, iimpompo ezigqithisiweyo zinemigama emifutshane (eqhele ukulinganiswa ngee-intshi) ukusuka kwi-impeller ukuya kwi-radial bear xa kuthelekiswa nomxubi oqhelekileyo wokungena ophezulu (oqhele ukulinganiswa ngeenyawo).
Lo mgama omde ongaxhaswanga uphumela kwiqonga elingazinzanga elinokukhutshwa kweradial enkulu, i-perpendicular misalignment kunye ne-eccentricity kuneempompo. Ukukhutshwa kwezixhobo ezongeziweyo kubangela imingeni ethile yoyilo lwetywina lomatshini. Kuthekani ukuba ukuphambuka kwe-shaft bekuyiradial? Ukuyila itywina lale meko kunokufezekiswa ngokulula ngokwandisa ucoceko phakathi kwezinto ezijikelezayo nezimileyo kunye nokwandisa umphezulu wetywina osebenzayo. Njengoko kurhanelwa, imiba ayilula ngolu hlobo. Ukulayishwa kwecala kwi-impeller (s), naphi na apho balala khona kwi-mixer shaft, inika ukuphambuka okuguqulela yonke indlela ngokutywina ukuya kwindawo yokuqala yenkxaso ye-shaft-i-gearbox radial bear. Ngenxa yokuphambuka kwe-shaft kunye nokuhamba kwe-pendulum, ukuphambuka akungomsebenzi womgca.
Oku kuya kuba ne-radial kunye ne-angular component kuyo eyenza i-perpendicular misalignment kwi-seal enokubangela iingxaki kwi-mechanical seal. I-deflection ingabalwa ukuba iimpawu eziphambili ze-shaft kunye nokulayishwa kwe-shaft ziyaziwa. Ngokomzekelo, i-API 682 ichaza ukuba i-shaft radial deflection ebusweni be-seal yepompo kufuneka ilingane okanye i-0.002 intshi epheleleyo yokufunda ebonakalisiweyo (TIR) kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwi-mixer yokungena ephezulu phakathi kwe-0.03 ukuya kwi-0.150 intshi ye-TIR. Iingxaki ngaphakathi kwetywina lomatshini ezinokuthi zenzeke ngenxa yokuphambuka okugqithisileyo kwe-shaft kubandakanya ukuguga okwandisiweyo kumacandelo okutywinwa, amacandelo ajikelezayo anxibelelana nezinto ezonakalisiweyo ezimileyo, ukuqengqeleka kunye nokucinezelwa kwe-O-ring eguqukayo (okubangela ukusilela okujikelezayo kwe-O-ring okanye ubuso buxhonywe. ). Konke oku kunokukhokelela kubomi obuncitshisiweyo betywina. Ngenxa yentshukumo egqithisileyo ekhoyo kwimixube, izitywini zoomatshini zinokubonisa ukuvuza okungakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nokufana.impompo zetywina, nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni itywina litsalwe ngokungeyomfuneko kunye/okanye kwanokusilela kwangaphambi kwexesha ukuba alibekwa iliso elibukhali.
Kukho iimeko xa usebenza ngokusondeleyo nabavelisi bezixhobo kunye nokuqonda ukuyilwa kwesixhobo apho i-rolling element inokuthi ifakwe kwiikhatriji zokutywina ukunciphisa i-angularity ebusweni betywina kunye nokunciphisa ezi ngxaki. Kufuneka kuthatyathwe inkathalo ukuze kuphunyezwe uhlobo olufanelekileyo lokuthwala nokuba imithwalo enokuthwala iqondwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ingxaki inokuba mandundu okanye idale ingxaki entsha, ngokongezwa kwebheringi. Abathengisi betywina kufuneka basebenze ngokusondeleyo ne-OEM kunye nabavelisi abathweleyo ukuqinisekisa uyilo olufanelekileyo.
Usetyenziso lwetywina lomxhubi luqhele ukuba nesantya esisezantsi (5 ukuya kuma-300 ukujikeleza ngomzuzu [rpm]) kwaye azinakusebenzisa iindlela ezithile zesintu ukugcina ulwelo lomqobo lupholile. Ngokomzekelo, kwiSicwangciso se-53A sokutywinwa kabini, ukujikeleza kwamanzi okuthintela kubonelelwa yinto yangaphakathi yokumpompa njenge-axial pumping screw. Umceli mngeni luphawu lokumpompa luxhomekeke kwisantya sesixhobo ukuvelisa ukuqukuqela kunye nezantya zokuxuba eziqhelekileyo aziphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa amazinga okuqukuqela aluncedo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ubuso betywina obuveliswe bubushushu ayisiyiyo into ebangela ukuba ubushushu obuthintelweyo bunyuke kwiitywina lomxube. Bubushushu obuvela kwinkqubo enokubangela ukwanda kwamaqondo obushushu obuthintelo kunye nokwenza amacandelo asezantsi etywina, ubuso kunye nee-elastomers, umzekelo, zisengozini kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Amacandelo asezantsi okutywinwa, afana nobuso betywina kunye ne-O-rings, asengozini ngakumbi ngenxa yokusondela kwinkqubo. Ayibobushushu obonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo ubuso betywina kodwa koko kukuncitshiswa kwe-viscosity kwaye, ke ngoko, ukuthambisa kolwelo lwesithintelo kubuso betywina elisezantsi. Ukuthambisa kakubi kubangela umonakalo wobuso ngenxa yoqhagamshelwano. Ezinye iimpawu zoyilo zinokudityaniswa kwikhatriji yokutywina ukuze ugcine amaqondo obushushu obuthintelo esezantsi kunye nokukhusela amacandelo okutywinwa.
Ukutywinwa komatshini kubaxube kunokwenziwa ngeekhoyili zokupholisa zangaphakathi okanye iibhatyi ezinxibelelana ngokuthe ngqo nolwelo lomqobo. Ezi mpawu ziyi-loop evaliweyo, i-low-pressure, i-low-flow system enamanzi okupholisa ajikelezayo kubo esebenza njengento yokutshintshiselana kobushushu. Enye indlela kukusebenzisa i-spool yokupholisa kwikhatriji yokutywina phakathi kwamacandelo etywina elisezantsi kunye nomphezulu wokunyuswa kwezixhobo. I-spool yokupholisa ngumngxuma apho amanzi anoxinzelelo oluphantsi lokupholisa anokuthi ahambe khona ukudala umqobo wokugquma phakathi kwetywina kunye nenqanawa ukunciphisa ubushushu. I-spool yokupholisa eyilwe ngokufanelekileyo inokuthintela ubushushu obugqithisileyo obunokubangela umonakaloubuso betywinakunye neeelastomers. Ukufunxa ubushushu kwinkqubo kubangela ukuba ubushushu obuthintelweyo bunyuke endaweni yoko.
Ezi zinto zimbini zoyilo zingasetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo okanye ngabanye ukunceda ukulawula amaqondo obushushu kwitywina lomatshini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izitywina zoomatshini zabaxubi zichazwe ukuba zihambelane ne-API 682, iCandelo le-4 loHlelo lwe-1, nangona aba matshini bengahambelani neemfuno zoyilo kwi-API 610/682 ngokusebenzayo, ubukhulu kunye / okanye ngoomatshini. Oku kungenxa yokuba abasebenzisi bokugqibela baqhelene kwaye bakhululekile nge-API 682 njengenkcazo yetywina kwaye abaqapheli ezinye zeenkcukacha zoshishino ezisebenza ngakumbi kwaba matshini / batywina. Iinkqubo zoShishino lweNkqubo (PIP) kunye neDeutsches Institut fur Normung (DIN) yimigangatho emibini yoshishino efanelekileyo ngakumbi kwezi ntlobo zetywina-DIN 28138/28154 imigangatho kudala ichazwe kwiMixer OEMs eYurophu, kwaye iPIP RESM003 sele isetyenziswa njenge imfuneko ethile yokutywinwa koomatshini kwisixhobo sokuxuba. Ngaphandle kwezi nkcukacha, akukho migangatho yoshishino iqhele ukwenziwa, ekhokelela kuluhlu olubanzi lwemilinganiselo yegumbi lokutywina, ukunyamezelwa koomatshini, ukuphambuka kweshaft, uyilo lwebhokisi yegiya, amalungiselelo okuthwala, njl., eyahlukileyo ukusuka kwi-OEM ukuya kwi-OEM.
Indawo yomsebenzisi kunye neshishini liya kumisela ubukhulu becala ukuba yeyiphi kwezi nkcukacha ifaneleka kakhulu kwindawo yaboamatywina omxube womatshini. Ukucacisa i-API 682 yesitywina somxube inokuba yindleko eyongeziweyo ngokungeyomfuneko kunye nobunzima. Nangona kunokwenzeka ukubandakanya i-API 682-eqinisekisiweyo itywina elisisiseko kwi-mixer configuration, le ndlela idla ngokubangela ukuthotyelwa kokubini ngokuthotyelwa kwe-API 682 kunye nokufaneleka koyilo lwezicelo zomxube. Umfanekiso wesi-3 ubonisa uluhlu lweeyantlukwano phakathi kwe-API 682 Udidi 1 lwetywina ngokuchasene nesitywina esiqhelekileyo somxube
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2023