Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900 – malunga nexesha apho iinqanawa zasemanzini zaziqala ukuzama iinjini zedizili – kwavela olunye utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwelinye icala lomgca we-propeller shaft.
Kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-20,itywina loomatshini lokumpompayaba yindlela eqhelekileyo yokunxibelelana phakathi kolungiselelo lwe-shafting ngaphakathi kwenqanawa kunye nezinto ezivezwe elwandle. Le teknoloji intsha ibonelele ngophuculo olukhulu ekuthembekeni nasekuqhubekeni kobomi xa kuthelekiswa neebhokisi zokuzalisa kunye nezitywina ze-gland ezazilawula imarike.
Uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokutywina ngoomatshini be-shaft luyaqhubeka nanamhlanje, lugxile ekuphuculeni ukuthembeka, ukwandisa ubomi bemveliso, ukunciphisa iindleko, ukwenza lula ukufakwa kunye nokunciphisa ukugcinwa. Izitywina zanamhlanje zisebenzisa izixhobo zanamhlanje, uyilo kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa kunye nokusebenzisa ithuba lokunxibelelana okwandisiweyo kunye nokufumaneka kwedatha ukuze kube lula ukujonga ngokwedijithali.
NgaphambiIzitywino zoomatshini
Izitywino zoomatshini ze-shaftyayilinyathelo elimangalisayo eliya phambili ukusuka kubuchwepheshe obabusetyenziswa ngaphambili ukuthintela amanzi olwandle ukuba angangeni kwi-hull ejikeleze i-propeller shaft. Ibhokisi yokuzalisa okanye i-gland epakishiweyo inento ephothiweyo, efana nentambo eqinisiweyo ejikeleze i-shaft ukuze yenze i-seal. Oku kudala i-seal eqinileyo ngelixa ivumela i-shaft ukuba ijikeleze. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iingxaki ezininzi ezijongwa yi-mechanical seal.
Ukungqubana okubangelwa yi-shaft ejikeleza ngokuchasene nokupakisha kukhokelela ekugugeni ngokuhamba kwexesha, okubangela ukwanda kokuvuza de kube kulungisiwe okanye kutshintshwe ukupakisha. Okubiza kakhulu kunokulungisa ibhokisi yokuzalisa kukulungisa i-propeller shaft, engonakaliswa kukungqubana. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukuzalisa kusenokwenzeka ukuba kugqume umngxuma kwi-shaft, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba lonke ulungiselelo lokuqhubeleka lungasebenzi kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inqanawa ifune ukugalelwa edokini, ukususwa kwe-shaft kunye nokutshintshwa kwesingxobo okanye ukuhlaziywa kwe-shaft. Okokugqibela, kukho ukulahleka kokusebenza kakuhle kwe-propulsive kuba injini kufuneka ivelise amandla angakumbi ukuze ijike i-shaft ngokuchasene nokugalelwa kwe-gland okuxineneyo, ichithe amandla kunye namafutha. Oku akunamsebenzi: ukuze kufezekiswe amazinga okuvuza amkelekileyo, ukugalelwa kufuneka kuqine kakhulu.
I-gland epakishiweyo ihlala iyindlela elula, engakhuselekanga kwaye ihlala ifumaneka kumagumbi amaninzi eenjini ukuze igcinwe. Ukuba itywina loomatshini liyasilela, linokwenza ukuba inqanawa igqibe umsebenzi wayo kwaye ibuye edokini ukuze ilungiswe. Kodwa itywina lomatshini lokuphela lakhelwe phezu koku ngokunyusa ukuthembeka nokunciphisa ukuvuza okukhulu ngakumbi.
Izitywino Zoomatshini Zakuqala
Utshintsho ekutywineni izinto ezijikelezayo lwenzeka ngokuqonda ukuba ukutywina ecaleni kweshaft - njengoko kwenziwa ekupakisheni - akuyomfuneko. Iindawo ezimbini - enye ejikelezayo ngeshaft kwaye enye iqinile - zibekwe ngokuthe nkqo kwishaft kwaye zicinezelwe kunye ngamandla e-hydraulic kunye ne-mechanical zinokwenza itywina eliqinileyo ngakumbi, into edla ngokubangelwa yinjineli uGeorge Cooke ngo-1903. Iityuli zokuqala ze-mechanical ezisetyenziswa kurhwebo zaphuhliswa ngo-1928 kwaye zasetyenziswa kwiimpompo ze-centrifugal kunye ne-compressors.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Okthobha-27-2022